Ivyo bikoresho vyo gukoresha mu gukora amaplasitike ni ibikoresho nyamukuru mu bijanye n’ugutunganya amapulasitike, bikoreshwa cane mu guhingura ibintu nk’imiyoboro, imirongo, amafilime, n’ibipfukisho vy’intsinga n’ivyuma. Ivyo birimwo intambwe nyinshi, harimwo no gutegura ibikoresho bitagira agaciro, gushusha no gushonga, gutera ivyatsi no gusohoka, kubumbabumba no gukonjesha, no gushiramwo - gukora. Intambwe yose iragira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo igicuruzwa ca nyuma kimeze. Iki kiganiro kirasigura mu buryo butunganye ingene inzira y’ubuhinga n’ibintu nyamukuru vy’ubuhinga bw’ipulasitike.
1. Gutegura neza ibikoresho n'ugufatwa
Intambwe ya mbere mu bijanye no gusohora amapulasitike ni ugusuzuma no gutera imbere ibikoresho vya mbere. Depending on the product requirements, the raw materials can be a single resin (such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP)) or a composite formulation of multiple materials (such as those containing calcium carbonate fillers or masterbatches). Ibikoresho bikomeye bitegerezwa gushitsa ibi bikurikira:
Ivyiyumviro: Irinde kwanduzwa n’ibintu bihumanye (nk’ibice vy’ivyuma n’ibice vy’impapuro), ivyo bikaba bishobora gutuma ibikoresho vyononekara canke bishobora gutuma ibintu bihungabana.
Impuzu: Ibikoresho vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma (nk’ivy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’Ivyuma vy’amasaha menshi kugira ngo ivyimbure ntibibe ibihumbi mu gihe ivy’ugusohoka.
Guvanga Ubwiza: Niba umuti urimwo ibintu vyongereweko, banza ushikire ububiko canke ibindi bintu vyongeweko mu gice c’imbere c’agaciro kanini.
II. Gufungura no kubumbabumba
Ibikoresho vya mbere vyavumbuwe binjira mu nzira y’ugusohoka biciye mu gitereko. Ivyo bikoresho bikoreshwa muri iki gihe akenshi bikoreshwa n’igikoresho co kugaburira ku nguvu canke kinyiganyiga kugira ngo habeho igipimo c’ibifungurwa bikomeza kandi gihagaze. Ivyiza bihambaye vyo kwiyumvira muri iki gihe birimwo:
Ivyiyumviro vy’Ivyiyumviro: Ivyo bitegerezwa guhuzwa n’umuvuduko w’ivyuma n’ubushobozi bwo gushonga kugira ngo ntihagire ikintu co kwirundanira canke ngo kibe mu kabare.
Anti-Igishushanyo co gushaza: Uruhome rw’imbere rw’iyi hopper rukoreshwa cane canke rufise igikoresho co gukingira amazi kugira ngo ntihagire amazi n’uguzibira kubera ko ata guhinduka nabi.
III. Gushusha, Gupima, no Gushiramwo Iposita
Inyuma y’aho ibikoresho vya mbere binjire mu gitereko, buhorobuhoro birashonga kandi bikajanwa n’igikorwa gihurikiyeko c’uguhinduka kw’ivyuma be n’ugushushanya hanze. Ivyo bigabanywamwo ibice bitatu bikora:
Guhindura igice c’Igice (Igice c’Ivyiza): Ico gikoresho kirazunguruka ku muvuduko mutoyi, kigasunika ivyo bikoresho imbere. Ubushuhe bw’umugozi ni buke (mu bisanzwe 80–120℃) kugira ngo ntihagire ubushomeri bw’imbere y’igihe.
Igice c’Impumuro (Igice co Gupima): Ubushuhe bw’umugozi buragenda burarushirizaho gushika hejuru y’aho ipulasitike ishonga (nk’akarorero, nk’ibipimo 160–180 ku PE). Uburebure bw’uruzitiro rw’ivyuma buragabanuka, bukagwira inguvu zo gukemura no guhindura ibice bikomeye bikaba umuyagankuba.
Imiterere y’Igice (Igice c’IHomogening): Ubushuhe buraguma buguma buhoraho (ari hejuru gato y’aho amazi ashonga), kandi igikoresho gikora ku muvuduko munini kugira ngo umuvuduko w’ugushonga n’ugushushanya bimwe bimwe.
Ivyiyumviro vy’ubuhinga: Ubushuhe bw’imbere, umuvuduko w’ivyuma (mu bisanzwe 50–300 rpm), n’umuvuduko w’ugushonga (5–20 MPa) bikwiye guhindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere y’ibikoresho. Nk’akarorero, gutunganya PVC bisaba ubushuhe buke (150–180℃) kugira ngo umuntu yirinde gusenyura ubushuhe.
IV. Kurungikwa n'ivyo gupfukura
Ivyo bikoresho vy’ivyuma vy’impuzu birasohoka biciye ku mutwe w’urupfu kugira ngo bibe umusaraba wipfuza- Igishushanyo c’ibice (nk’imirongo y’uruzitiro canke imirongo y’inzira y’umurongo). Igishushanyo c'ivyo bikoresho kiragira ico gikoze ku buryo bw'uburyo kandi gitegerezwa gushitsa ibi bikurikira:
Guhindura uburinganire bw’imirongo: Gutuma umukazo ungana mu nzira zose mu bice vyose vy’ugushonga kugira ngo ntihagire uwudashira hasi canke gutera umudugararo.
Ubushuhe bwo kugenzura ubushuhe: Ubushuhe bw’urupfu buraba buri hasi gatoyi y’ubushuhe bw’umugozi kugira ngo bushobore gusubiza inyuma ubushuhe no kuguma buhinduka.
V. Gutobora no Gushushanya
Ico gikoresho gishushe gishushe gitegerezwa gukonjesha ningoga kandi kigahingura. Uburyo busanzwe burimwo:
Ivyo gukonjesha amazi: Ivyo bishikwako biciye mu kwibira mu gitereko c’amazi canke mu buryo bwo gutera (nk’uko biri mu mirongo y’uguhingura amatiyo). Ubushuhe bw’amazi bukonje butegerezwa guhindurwa bivanye n’ibintu (kenshi na kenshi 15–40).
Gukonjesha umuyaga: Ivyiza ku mafilime y’agaciro gatoyi canke ibintu bitobito - uruhome, ukoresheje igikoresho co gukoresha mu gukonjesha kugira ngo ubushuhe bugabanuke.
Hagati aho, imashini y’ugushushanya irakwega igicuruzwa ku muvuduko udahinduka kugira ngo ishobore gushika ku rugero rw’ingero. Igipimo c’umuvuduko wo gushushanya n’umuvuduko wo gusohoka (igipimo c’amazi) ni co kigena uburemere bw’igicuruzwa n’imiterere y’umubiri.
VI. Guca n'Iposita -Imihango
Inyuma y’ugukonja, igicuruzwa kiracibwa mu bice (nk’akarorero, ama metero 6) canke gipfutse mu mizingo (nk’akarorero, amasanamu, intsinga, n’imirongo) hakoreshejwe igikoresho co gucapura co kuri internet. Ibintu bimwebimwe bisaba ko hakorwa ibindi, nk’ibi:
Ubuvuzi bwo ku ruhande: Ubuvuzi bw’urufunguruzo canke ubuvuzi bwa corona kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gufatanya n’ibindi;
Igenzura ry’uburemere: Gukurikirana uburemere bw’uruhome rw’uburebure bw’uruhome hakoreshejwe igipimo c’uburebure bw’infrared canke gusuzuma ku bijanye n’utunenge two ku ruhande.
Uburyo bwo gusohora amapulasitike bushiramwo ubuhinga bwinshi (ubuhinga bw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, ubuhinga bw’ubuhinga bw’amashini, n’ubuhinga bw’ubuhinga bw’ubuhinga). Gukora neza ku ntambwe imwe imwe (nk’akarorero, ubushuhe n’imiterere y’ibintu) birashobora gutuma habaho ubushobozi bwo gukora neza n’uburyo bw’ibintu. Kubera ko ubuhinga bwo guhingura ibintu bufise ubwenge, ibikoresho vyo gusohora ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyashize hamwe ibintu vy’ukuri - uburyo bwo kugenzura igihe n’uburyo bwo gutanga inyishu bwite, bituma inganda zikora amapulasitike zigenda zirushiriza kugera ku nzira nziza cane.
